Primary Antibodies is an immunoglobulin protein that directly binds with specific protein, biomolecule (targeted antigen) of research interest for detection, quantity measurement and purification.

 Secondary Antibodies is an immunoglobulin protein that indirectly binds with targeted antigen through primary antibody for detection, measurement, and purification of targeted biomolecules.

Cell Culture is the medium in which cells are grown under controlled conditions outside of living issues. After isolation, cells can be grown subsequently under controlled conditions in cell culture media.

Molecular Biology study of biological activities at molecular level. It is the study of interaction of molecules in living organisms to perform the functions of life.